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5. Guidelines








 Benefits: Benefits speech users who can avoid firing batches of single-key shortcuts at once and   Government organisation action: None.  Statement: Web pages do not contain anything that flashes   Statement: Web pages/app screens have titles that                                                                     Government organisation action: Ensure correct reading order in PDF documents by structuring                                                          Statement: More than one
 make  full  use  of  programs  that  offer  single-key  shortcuts  to  keyboard  users.  It  also  benefits   Developer action: Developers must ensure that people with disabilities such as blindness, low   more than three times in any one second period, or the flash   describe topic or purpose.                   the document correctly in the authoring tool used to create the document before conversion to                                                         within a set of web pages
 keyboard-only users who have dexterity challenges an d may accidentally hit keys, as they can turn   vision, dexterity impairments and cognitive limitations are given adequate time to perform the                                                                                                                     tagged PDF. Pages with complex layouts with graphics, tables, footnotes, sidebars, form fields and
 off or modify problematic single character shortcuts.   functions that are time dependent whenever possible. The user must be allowed to turn off the time   is below the general flash and red flash thresholds.  5.2.26                                                                                                 other elements may not convert to tagged PDF in the correct reading order. These inconsistencies                                                      result of, or a step in,
                                                                                                                                                                   Benefit: This facilitates an easy and unambiguous identification of the webpage & also helps in a
 Government organisation action: None.  limit, adjust the default setting before encountering it or is warned before time expires and given                        more relevant and visible presence in the search engine results. Further, it is important since the                                                   must then be corrected with repair tools such as Acrobat.
 Developer action: In case a developer has provided shortcuts in their applications to allow for   the option to extend the time limit with a simple action (for example, “press the spacebar”).   Benefits: Certain special effects such as blinking, or flashing have been reported to cause epileptic   screen readers used by the visually impaired users first read the title of the page and in case the   Developer action: Ensure that interactive elements on a webpage receive focus in an order
 faster user interaction which involve only character keys (letters, numbers, punctuation or symbol   Reference: WCAG 2.1 - 2.2.1  seizures. It is also seen that people are more sensitive to red flashing than other colours. Web pages   title is not explanatory enough, it may confuse or mislead them.              follows sequences and relationships in the content. When designing the content, the interactive                                                       those with visual or cogn
 characters)  without  modifiers  provision  must  be  given  to  allow  users  to  turn  off  or  reconfigure   Evaluator action: The evaluator will test it manually to check the conformity of this checkpoint.   must not contain anything that flashes more than three times in any one second period. It must also   Government organisation action: The government organisation must ensure that title is complete   elements such as links and form controls must be placed in the content so that

 shortcuts that are made up of only character keys. If the keyboard shortcut is only active when a   be checked that the Light/Dark status at the end of the 1- second period is the same as at the start  with the topic of the page. For the top-level page i.e., homepage/homescreen the name of the                  order follows the sequences and relationships in the content. Correct tab and reading order must                                                      Similarly, a person with
 particular user interface component has focus, then override mechanism is not required.  Statement: For moving, blinking, scrolling, or auto-updating   Government organisation action: None.  country must be included, for instance, instead of the title being just Ministry of Health and Family                    also be ensured in PDF documents by using a tool for authoring PDF.                                                                                   than a hierarchical navig
 Reference: WCAG 2.1 – 2.1.4  information, all of the following are true:   Developer action: Ensure that no component of the content flashes more than three times in any   Welfare, it should state, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India. Alternatively, in                                        Reference: WCAG 2.1 - 2.4.3                                                                                                                           Government organisation a
 Evaluator action: The evaluator will test it manually to check the conformity of this checkpoint.   1-second period or keep the flashing area small enough reference                                                                                                                                                     Evaluator action: The evaluator will test it manually and by using the assistive technology to check                                                  Developer action: Develop
                   https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG21/Understanding/three-flashes-or-below-threshold.html
             Reference: WCAG 2.1 - 2.3.1                                                                                                                           case of a State ‘Department of Health, Government of Karnataka, India’ Government Department, it                                                      the conformity of this checkpoint.                                                                                                                    every page of the website

 Statement: For each time limit that is set by the content,   (a) Moving, blinking, scrolling: For any moving, blinking or scrolling information that (1)   Evaluator action: The evaluator will test it manually and by using web accessibility tool to check the   should state ‘Department of Health, Government of Karnataka, India’.                                                                                                                                      understood by web surfers
                                                                                                                                                                   Developer action: there are scenarios when the Web page has a title, but the title does not identify


 starts automatically, (2) lasts more than five seconds and (3) is presented in parallel with   conformity of this checkpoint.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  boxes are most effective
 at least one of the following is true:  other content, there is a mechanism for the user to pause, stop, or hide it unless the                                    the contents or purpose of the Web page. This may be caused because—                                                                                  Statement: The purpose of each link can be determined from the                                                                                        third part of the webpage
 movement, blinking, or scrolling is part of an activity where it is essential; and  Statement: A mechanism is available to bypass blocks of content               (a) Authoring tool default page titles, such as: "Enter the title of the HTML document here," "Untitled                                               link text alone or from the link text together with its                                                                                               homepage/homescreen or a
 (a) Turn off: The user is allowed to turn off the time limit before encountering it; or  (b) Auto-updating: For any auto-updating information that (1) starts automatically and   that are repeated on multiple Web pages.  5.2.27  document" or "No title";                                                            programmatically determined link context, except where the                                                                                            Reference: WCAG 2.1 - 2.4

 (b) Adjust: The user is allowed to adjust the time limit before encountering it over a wide   (2) is presented in parallel with other content, there is a mechanism for the user to pause,   (b) Empty text in title;                                                                                                   of the link would be ambiguous to users in general.                                                                                                   Evaluator action: The eva
                                                                                                                                                                   (c) Filler or placeholder text; and
 range that is at least ten times the length of the default setting; or  stop, or hide it or to control the frequency of the update unless the auto-updating is part
 (c)  Extend:  The  user  is  warned  before  time  expires  and  given  at least  20  seconds  to   of an activity where it is essential.  Benefits:  Web pages and applications often have content that is repeated on other pages or   (d) A website generated using templates includes the same title for each page.                                                                                                                                                        Statement: Headings and l
 extend the time limit with a simple action (for example, "press the spacebar") and the   screens (for example navigation links, heading graphics, banner frames etc). A sighted user can   The developer should ensure that the above does not affect the page title.                                                   Benefit: This helps users understand the purpose of each link so they can decide whether they

 user is allowed to extend the time limit at least ten times; or  Benefits:  Avoiding  content  that  flashes  can  prevent  triggering  seizures  in  people  with   ignore the repeated material by focusing on the main content area, but it is not possible for a person   Reference: WCAG 2.1 - 2.4.2                 want to follow the link. Assistive technology has the ability to provide users with a list of links that
 (d) Real-time Exception: The time limit is a required part of a real-time event (for   photosensitive epilepsy.  using a screen reader as the content is read sequentially.   Evaluator action: The evaluator will test it manually to check the conformity of this checkpoint.                                         are on the Web page. Link text that is as meaningful as possible will aid users who want to choose                                                    Benefit: It is imperative
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               categorised into relevant
 example, an auction) and no alternative to the time limit is possible; or  Government organisation action: None.  Government organisation action: None.                                                                                                                                                                 from this list of links. Meaningful link text also helps those who wish to tab from link to link.
 (e) Essential Exception: The time limit is essential and extending it would invalidate the   Developer action: Allow the content to be paused and restarted from where it was paused or Use   Developer action: Developers must provide a mechanism to bypass blocks of content that are   Statement: If a Web page can be navigated sequentially and   Meaningful links help users choose which links to follow without requiring complicated strategies to                  located conveniently and
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               identified with headings o
 activity; or  script to scroll content and provide a mechanism to pauseit or Create content that blinks for less   repeated on multiple Web pages. This may be done by:  the navigation sequences affect meaning or operation, focusable                                                                                understand the page.
 (f) 20 Hour Exception: The time limit is longer than 20 hours.  than 5 seconds  (a) providing a link at the top of each page that goes directly to the main content area.  components receive focus in an order that preserves meaning                                                                                  Government organisation action: None.                                                                                                                 topic or purpose of conte
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Government organisation a
 Reference: WCAG 2.1 - 2.2.2  (b) providing a link at the beginning of the content block to go to the end of the block                                                                                                                                                                                                   Developer action: Developer must ensure that the text of, or associated with, the link describes the
 Benefits: In situations where web functions are time-dependent, (for example, filling out an online   Evaluator action: The evaluator will test it manually to   (c) providing links at the top of each page that go to each area of content.  and operability.                                                           purpose of the link. In cases where the link takes one to a document or a web application, the name                                                   Developer action:  Develo
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               proper hierarchy. When he
 form)  it  will  be  difficult  for  people  with  disabilities  such  as  blindness,  low  vision,  dexterity   check the conformity of this checkpoint.   (d) Controls and programmatic focus can also be used to bypass blocks of content.                                                                            of the document or web application would be sufficient to describe the purpose of the link however                                                     more easily and they can
                   https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG21/Understanding/bypass-blocks.html
 impairments and cognitive limitations to perform the required functions before a time limit occurs.   Reference: WCAG 2.1 - 2.4.1                                 Benefits: When users navigate sequentially through content, they should encounter information in                                                       it is not mandatory to use the name of the document or web application; other things may also                                                         easily. Developers must a
 This may render the service inaccessible to them. For individuals who are deaf and communicate in   Evaluator action: The evaluator will test it manually to check the conformity of this checkpoint.   an order that is consistent with the meaning of the content and can be operated from the keyboard.              describe the purpose of the link.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         Reference: WCAG 2.1 - 2.4.4                                                                                                                           within the content. Label
 sign language, having control over time limits is important when using a sign-language interpreter.                                                               Hence if a Web page can be navigated sequentially and the navigation sequences affect meaning                                                                                                                                                                                                               provides an appropriate c
 Providing additional time to pause content can be helpful for those with reading and cognitive                                                                    or operation, focusable components must receive focus in an order that preserves meaning and                                                          Evaluator action: The evaluator will test it manually to check the conformity of this checkpoint.                                                     Reference: WCAG 2.1 - 2.4
 disabilities to better comprehend information.                                                                                                                    operability.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                               Evaluator action: The eva



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